What type of server resolves domain names into IP addresses?

The correct answer is the Domain Name Server. A Domain Name Server, often referred to as a DNS, is a critical component of the internet that translates human-friendly domain names, like www.example.com, into IP addresses, which are the numerical addresses that computers use to identify each other on the network. This process is essential because while humans find it easier to remember names, computers identify each other using numerical addresses.

Understanding the role of a Domain Name Server is vital as it allows users to access websites by their names rather than having to memorize complex numeric IP addresses. This functionality is foundational to web browsing, email, and other services that use the internet, making DNS a cornerstone of internet functionality.

In contrast, a File Server primarily stores and manages files for network users, a Web Server delivers content from a website to users' browsers, and a Mail Server handles the sending and receiving of emails. While all these servers play crucial roles in networked environments, they do not perform the function of resolving domain names to IP addresses.